K8S集群搭建
系统设置
以下部署基于centos7
注意有些数据盘位置异常 需要建立软连接
mkdir -p /mnt/vos-rhxyjhz3/data
ln -s /mnt/vos-rhxyjhz3**/data**/ /data
yum install -y vim
查看系统版本
cat /etc/redhat-release
在所有机器上增加hosts信息
vim /etc/hosts
增加以下内容
10.1.104.204 master
10.1.104.205 node1
10.1.104.206 node2
10.1.104.207 node3
禁用防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld
systemctl disable firewalld
禁用SELINUX
setenforce 0
cat /etc/selinux/config
SELINUX=disabled
加载下该模块
modprobe br_netfilter
创建文件并添加内容
vim /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1
执行如下命令使修改生效：
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
安装 ipvs：
cat > /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules <<EOF
#!/bin/bash
modprobe -- ip_vs
modprobe -- ip_vs_rr
modprobe -- ip_vs_wrr
modprobe -- ip_vs_sh
modprobe -- nf_conntrack_ipv4
EOF
chmod 755 /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && bash /etc/sysconfig/modules/ipvs.modules && lsmod | grep -e ip_vs -e nf_conntrack_ipv4
安装ipset软件包
yum install -y ipset
安装管理工具 ipvsadm
yum install -y ipvsadm
同步服务器时间
yum install chrony -y
systemctl enable chronyd
systemctl start chronyd
chronyc sources
date
关闭 swap 分区
swapoff -a
修改/etc/fstab文件，注释掉 SWAP 的自动挂载，使用free -m确认 swap 已经关闭。swappiness 参数调整，修改/etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf：
vim /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
添加下面一行
vm.swappiness=0
执行如下命令生效
sysctl -p /etc/sysctl.d/k8s.conf
安装 Docker
yum install -y yum-utils \
device-mapper-persistent-data \
lvm2
yum-config-manager \
--add-repo \
https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
可选择版本安装或者指定版本安装
yum list docker-ce --showduplicates | sort -r
yum install -y docker-ce-19.03.11
配置 Docker 镜像加速器
mkdir -p /etc/docker
mkdir -p /data/docker
vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"exec-opts": ["native.cgroupdriver=systemd"],
"log-driver": "json-file",
"log-opts": {
"max-size": "100m"
},
"data-root": "/data/docker",
"storage-driver": "overlay2",
"registry-mirrors" : [
"https://ot2k4d59.mirror.aliyuncs.com/"
],
"default-address-pools": [
{
"base": "172.17.0.0/16",
"size": 24
}
],
"insecure-registries":[
"10.1.104.204:1880",
"http://10.1.104.204:1880"
]
}
启动docker
systemctl start docker
systemctl enable docker
安装 Kubeadm
cat <<EOF > /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo
[kubernetes]
name=Kubernetes
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
repo_gpgcheck=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg
http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg
EOF
安装 kubeadm、kubelet、kubectl
yum install -y kubelet-1.19.3 kubeadm-1.19.3 kubectl-1.19.3 --disableexcludes=kubernetes
查看版本
kubeadm version
kubelet 设置成开机启动
systemctl enable --now kubelet
到这里为止上面所有的操作都需要在所有节点执行配置。
初始化集群
在 master 节点配置 kubeadm 初始化文件，可以通过如下命令导出默认的初始化配置：
kubeadm config print init-defaults > kubeadm.yaml
根据我们自己的需求修改配置，比如修改 imageRepository 的值，kube-proxy 的模式为 ipvs，另外需要注意的是我们这里是准备安装 flannel 网络插件的，需要将 networking.podSubnet 设置为10.244.0.0/16
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
bootstrapTokens:
- groups:
- system:bootstrappers:kubeadm:default-node-token
token: abcdef.0123456789abcdef
ttl: 24h0m0s
usages:
- signing
- authentication
kind: InitConfiguration
localAPIEndpoint:
advertiseAddress: 10.151.30.11 # apiserver 节点内网IP
bindPort: 6443
nodeRegistration:
criSocket: /var/run/dockershim.sock
name: master1
taints:
- effect: NoSchedule
key: node-role.kubernetes.io/master
---
apiServer:
timeoutForControlPlane: 4m0s
apiVersion: kubeadm.k8s.io/v1beta2
certificatesDir: /etc/kubernetes/pki
clusterName: kubernetes
controllerManager: {}
dns:
type: CoreDNS
etcd:
local:
dataDir: /var/lib/etcd
imageRepository: registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers
# registry.aliyuncs.com/k8sxio # 修改成阿里云镜像源
kind: ClusterConfiguration
kubernetesVersion: v1.19.3
networking:
dnsDomain: cluster.local
podSubnet: 10.244.0.0/16 # Pod 网段，flannel插件需要使用这个网段
serviceSubnet: 10.96.0.0/12
scheduler: {}
---
apiVersion: kubeproxy.config.k8s.io/v1alpha1
kind: KubeProxyConfiguration
mode: ipvs # kube-proxy 模式
使用上面的配置文件进行初始化
kubeadm config images pull --config kubeadm.yaml
kubeadm init --config kubeadm.yaml
如果出现错误可执行 kubeadm reset 重新 初始化
拷贝 kubeconfig 文件
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config
chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config
添加节点
将 master 节点上面的 $HOME/.kube/config 文件拷贝到 node 节点对应的文件中
在对应的节点
mkdir -p $HOME/.kube
scp $HOME/.kube/config root@node1:$HOME/.kube/config
scp $HOME/.kube/config root@node2:$HOME/.kube/config
scp $HOME/.kube/config root@node3:$HOME/.kube/config
执行上面初始化完成后提示的 join 命令
sudo swapoff -a
kubeadm join 10.1.104.204:6443 --token abcdef.0123456789abcdef \
--discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:ad6ce20383a3e1d4e7cb54e933074965f22c47cd268a9ed2c80f55c5404f39b7
重新获取
kubeadm token create --print-join-command
安装网络
wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/master/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
查看网卡名称
ip addr
vim flannel.yml
......
containers:
- name: kube-flannel
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.13.0
command:
- /opt/bin/flanneld
args:
- --ip-masq
- --kube-subnet-mgr
- --iface=eth0 # 如果是多网卡的话，指定内网网卡的名称
......
kubectl apply -f kube-flannel.yml
如出现 is not an absolute path or is a symlink: unknown 可重启节点docker:
systemctl restart docker
可修改 k8s node 名称
kubectl label node i-w500emcu node-role.kubernetes.io/node1=
kubectl label node i-iza0deu5 node-role.kubernetes.io/node2=
kubectl label node i-f37syy2z node-role.kubernetes.io/node3=
kubectl label nodes i-w500emcu ip-10.1.104.205
kubectl label nodes i-iza0deu5 ip-10.1.104.206
kubectl label nodes i-f37syy2z ip-10.1.104.207
kubectl get node --show-labels
永久token
kubeadm token create --print-join-command --ttl 0
kubeadm token list
至此K8S安装完成
安装Helm
mkdir -p /data/helm
cd /data/helm
wget https://get.helm.sh/helm-v3.11.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -zxvf helm-v3.11.3-linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd linux-amd64/
cp helm /usr/local/bin/
chmod a+x /usr/local/bin/
域名解析器
kubectl edit cm -n kube-system coredns
# Please edit the object below. Lines beginning with a '#' will be ignored,
# and an empty file will abort the edit. If an error occurs while saving this file will be
# reopened with the relevant failures.
#
apiVersion: v1
data:
Corefile: |
.:53 {
errors
health {
lameduck 5s
}
ready
kubernetes cluster.local in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa {
pods insecure
fallthrough in-addr.arpa ip6.arpa
ttl 30
}
hosts {
10.1.160.17 s3-qos.poc.kodo.com
fallthrough
}
prometheus :9153
forward . /etc/resolv.conf {
max_concurrent 1000
}
cache 30
loop
reload
loadbalance
}
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
creationTimestamp: "2023-03-16T07:30:57Z"
name: coredns
namespace: kube-system
resourceVersion: "18837468"
selfLink: /api/v1/namespaces/kube-system/configmaps/coredns
uid: b045827e-1541-461d-b5e6-1cee119d4ddb
NFS 共享盘
K8S 主节点安装NFS
yum install -y nfs-utils rpcbind
在主节点创建目录
mkdir -p /data/nfs
chmod 777 /data/nfs
更改归属组与用户
chown -R nfsnobody:nfsnobody /data/nfs
配置共享目录
echo "/data/nfs *(insecure,rw,sync,no_root_squash)" > /etc/exports
创建mysql共享目录
mkdir -p /data/nfs/mysql
启动服务
systemctl start rpcbind
systemctl start nfs
systemctl enable rpcbind
systemctl enable nfs
检查配置是否生效
exportfs
showmount -e 10.1.104.204
客户端操作
1、关闭防火墙
systemctl stop firewalld.service
systemctl disable firewalld.service
2、安装nfs
yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind
3、创建自启动服务
systemctl enable rpcbind
systemctl start rpcbind
systemctl enable nfs
systemctl start nfs
4、查看可以登录的nfs地址
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# showmount -e 10.1.104.204
Export list for 10.1.104.204:
/data/k8s *
5、挂载和查看
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# mkdir -p /data/nfs/
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# mount -t nfs 10.1.104.204:/data/nfs /data/nfs
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# df -h
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
devtmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /dev/shm
tmpfs 3.9G 5.4M 3.9G 1% /run
tmpfs 3.9G 0 3.9G 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
/dev/mapper/centos-root 50G 29G 21G 58% /
/dev/sda1 1014M 209M 806M 21% /boot
/dev/mapper/centos-home 447G 33M 447G 1% /home
tmpfs 797M 0 797M 0% /run/user/0
172.16.4.169:/data/k8s 50G 49G 1.7G 97% /data/k8s
6、验证
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# echo 4444 >> /data/nfs/2.log
[root@k8s-node1 ~]# cat /data/nfs/2.log
444
##在服务端验证
[root@k8s-master ~]# cat /data/nfs/2.log
4444
编辑NFS.yaml
vim class.yaml
kind: StorageClass
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: nfs-storage
annotations:
storageclass.beta.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: 'true'
storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class: 'true'
provisioner: fuseim.pri/ifs
reclaimPolicy: Delete
volumeBindingMode: Immediate
kubectl apply -f class.yaml
kubectl get storageclass
注意：如果SC存储不是默认的，可以标记一个StorageClass为默认的（根据自己实际名称标记即可）
#kubectl patch storageclass managed-nfs-storage -p '{"metadata": {"annotations":{"storageclass.kubernetes.io/is-default-class":"true"}}}'
vim rbac.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: nfs-client-provisioner
namespace: default
---
kind: ClusterRole
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["persistentvolumes"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "delete"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["persistentvolumeclaims"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "update"]
- apiGroups: ["storage.k8s.io"]
resources: ["storageclasses"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch"]
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["events"]
verbs: ["create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: run-nfs-client-provisioner
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: nfs-client-provisioner
namespace: default
roleRef:
kind: ClusterRole
name: nfs-client-provisioner-runner
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
---
kind: Role
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
namespace: default
rules:
- apiGroups: [""]
resources: ["endpoints"]
verbs: ["get", "list", "watch", "create", "update", "patch"]
---
kind: RoleBinding
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
namespace: default
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: nfs-client-provisioner
namespace: default
roleRef:
kind: Role
name: leader-locking-nfs-client-provisioner
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kubectl apply -f rbac.yaml
vim deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nfs-client-provisioner
labels:
app: nfs-client-provisioner
namespace: default
spec:
replicas: 1
strategy:
type: Recreate
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nfs-client-provisioner
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nfs-client-provisioner
spec:
serviceAccountName: nfs-client-provisioner
containers:
- name: nfs-client-provisioner
image: gmoney23/nfs-client-provisioner:latest
volumeMounts:
- name: nfs-client-root
mountPath: /persistentvolumes
env:
- name: PROVISIONER_NAME
value: fuseim.pri/ifs
- name: NFS_SERVER
value: 10.1.104.204
- name: NFS_PATH
value: /data/nfs
volumes:
- name: nfs-client-root
nfs:
server: 10.1.104.204
path: /data/nfs
kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
测试PVC持久化
vim test-claim.yaml
kind: PersistentVolumeClaim
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: test-claim
namespace: default
spec:
storageClassName: nfs-storage
accessModes:
- ReadWriteMany
resources:
requests:
storage: 256Mi
kubectl apply -f test-claim.yaml
kubectl get pvc
vim statefulset-nfs.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: nginx
labels:
app: nginx
spec:
ports:
- port: 80
name: web
clusterIP: None
selector:
app: nginx
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: StatefulSet
metadata:
name: nfs-web
spec:
serviceName: "nginx"
replicas: 3
selector:
matchLabels:
app: nfs-web # has to match .spec.template.metadata.labels
template:
metadata:
labels:
app: nfs-web
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 10
containers:
- name: nginx
image: nginx:1.7.9
ports:
- containerPort: 80
name: web
volumeMounts:
- name: www
mountPath: /usr/share/nginx/html
volumeClaimTemplates:
- metadata:
name: www
annotations:
volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-class: nfs-storage
spec:
accessModes: [ "ReadWriteOnce" ]
resources:
requests:
storage: 10Mi
kubectl apply -f statefulset-nfs.yaml
kubectl get pod
kubectl get pvc
kubectl get pv
查看NFS-server 数据信息
ll /data/nfs
删除测试内容
kubectl delete -f test-claim.yaml
kubectl delete -f statefulset-nfs.yaml
部署ingress-nginx
编写ingress-nginx.yaml
wget https://github.com/kubernetes/ingress-nginx/blob/nginx-0.30.0/deploy/static/mandatory.yaml
mkdir -p /data/ingress-nginx
cd /data/ingress-nginx
vim ingress-nginx.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Namespace
metadata:
name: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: nginx-configuration
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: tcp-services
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
kind: ConfigMap
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: udp-services
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ServiceAccount
metadata:
name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRole
metadata:
name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
- endpoints
- nodes
- pods
- secrets
verbs:
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- nodes
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- services
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- events
verbs:
- create
- patch
- apiGroups:
- "extensions"
- "networking.k8s.io"
resources:
- ingresses
verbs:
- get
- list
- watch
- apiGroups:
- "extensions"
- "networking.k8s.io"
resources:
- ingresses/status
verbs:
- update
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: Role
metadata:
name: nginx-ingress-role
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
rules:
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
- pods
- secrets
- namespaces
verbs:
- get
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
resourceNames:
# Defaults to "<election-id>-<ingress-class>"
# Here: "<ingress-controller-leader>-<nginx>"
# This has to be adapted if you change either parameter
# when launching the nginx-ingress-controller.
- "ingress-controller-leader-nginx"
verbs:
- get
- update
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- configmaps
verbs:
- create
- apiGroups:
- ""
resources:
- endpoints
verbs:
- get
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: RoleBinding
metadata:
name: nginx-ingress-role-nisa-binding
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: Role
name: nginx-ingress-role
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1beta1
kind: ClusterRoleBinding
metadata:
name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole-nisa-binding
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
roleRef:
apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io
kind: ClusterRole
name: nginx-ingress-clusterrole
subjects:
- kind: ServiceAccount
name: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
namespace: ingress-nginx
---
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
name: nginx-ingress-controller
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
replicas: 1
selector:
matchLabels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
template:
metadata:
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
annotations:
prometheus.io/port: "10254"
prometheus.io/scrape: "true"
spec:
# wait up to five minutes for the drain of connections
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 300
serviceAccountName: nginx-ingress-serviceaccount
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/os: linux
containers:
- name: nginx-ingress-controller
image: quay.io/kubernetes-ingress-controller/nginx-ingress-controller:0.30.0
args:
- /nginx-ingress-controller
- --configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/nginx-configuration
- --tcp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/tcp-services
- --udp-services-configmap=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/udp-services
- --publish-service=$(POD_NAMESPACE)/ingress-nginx
- --annotations-prefix=nginx.ingress.kubernetes.io
securityContext:
allowPrivilegeEscalation: true
capabilities:
drop:
- ALL
add:
- NET_BIND_SERVICE
# www-data -> 101
runAsUser: 101
env:
- name: POD_NAME
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.name
- name: POD_NAMESPACE
valueFrom:
fieldRef:
fieldPath: metadata.namespace
ports:
- name: http
containerPort: 80
protocol: TCP
- name: https
containerPort: 443
protocol: TCP
livenessProbe:
failureThreshold: 3
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 10254
scheme: HTTP
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 10
readinessProbe:
failureThreshold: 3
httpGet:
path: /healthz
port: 10254
scheme: HTTP
periodSeconds: 10
successThreshold: 1
timeoutSeconds: 10
lifecycle:
preStop:
exec:
command:
- /wait-shutdown
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: LimitRange
metadata:
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
limits:
- min:
memory: 90Mi
cpu: 100m
type: Container
kubectl apply -f ingress-nginx.yaml
部署nodeport service
vim service-nodeport.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
name: ingress-nginx
namespace: ingress-nginx
labels:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
spec:
type: NodePort
ports:
- name: http
port: 80
targetPort: 80
protocol: TCP
nodePort: 32080 #http
- name: https
port: 443
targetPort: 443
protocol: TCP
nodePort: 32443 #https
selector:
app.kubernetes.io/name: ingress-nginx
app.kubernetes.io/part-of: ingress-nginx
kubectl create -f service-nodeport.yaml
安装kuboard
集群管理工具
mkdir -p /data/kuboard
cd /data/kuboard
wget https://kuboard.cn/install-script/kuboard.yaml
kubectl apply -f kuboard.yaml
echo $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret $(kubectl -n kube-system get secret | grep kuboard-user | awk '{print $1}') -o go-template='{{.data.token}}' | base64 -d)
浏览器访问
http://******:32567
目录
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